According to Liu, B.s 2020 study, Maternal cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: A dose-response analysis of 25 million mother-infant pairs, examining over 25 million mother-infant pairs, while the overall preterm birth rate was 9.3% (2,378,398 cases), smoking during just the first trimester significantly increased this risk
Nicotine use overall reflects this: About 20 percent of U.S
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1, (accessed January 6, 2014)
This translates to more than 11 million smokers within that period, which is concerning considering the health effects of tobacco use on public health and its consequent impact on government spending on healthcare services as a result of illnesses caused by tobacco use