Interestingly, gut microbiota-derived metabolites can reduce iron absorption in the host intestine by suppressing intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor-2 activity and decreasing ferritin expression [69]
Importantly, it revealed inter-patient variability in response to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy, capturing both effective tumor eradication and excessive cytokine release patterns that mirror clinical immune-related toxicities
Avoid Triggers The first step is to avoid anything that worsens melasma, such as: Excess sun exposure Hormonal medications (like contraceptive pills) Skincare products with harsh chemicals Topical Medications and Creams Your dermatologist may prescribe creams containing: Cysteamine Methimazole Azelaic acid Hydroquinone Tretinoin Other active ingredients known to lighten dark patches include: Arbutin Glutathione Licorice extract Mequinol Vitamin C Professional Treatments For deeper or resistant pigmentation, dermatologists may recommend: Chemical peels exfoliate and resurface uneven tone Laser therapy selectively targets dark pigment Microneedling stimulates skin renewal and product absorption Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) promotes healing and reduces pigmentation Key Takeaways There are different types of hyperpigmentation, and melasma is one of them
Mancini M, Rengo F, Lingetti M, et al
So it can be a helpful tool but works best with other things to back it up
