GLP-1 stands for glucagon-like peptide-1, a hormone your gut naturally produces after eating
This typically involves: Intrinsic factor antibodies (highly specific for pernicious anaemia, though sensitivity is only 50%) [12] [28] Gastric parietal cell antibodies (more sensitive but less specific) Coeliac serology if malabsorption is suspected Consideration of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in selected cases, particularly with autoimmune gastritis/pernicious anaemia NICE guidance emphasises that treatment should not be delayed whilst awaiting antibody results if clinical features strongly suggest deficiency, as irreversible neurological damage can occur
When administering vitamin supplements via injection, a much higher concentration of nutrients is delivered directly to the body's cells, allowing the body to better absorb and utilise these
When the body is deficient in vitamin B12, it cannot produce the number of healthy red blood cells for the body to function properly
You may also be more likely to develop vitamin B-12 deficiency if you have: Atrophic gastritis, in which your stomach lining has thinned Pernicious anaemia, which makes it hard for your body to absorb vitamin B12 Conditions that affect your small intestine, such as Crohns disease, celiac disease, bacterial growth, or a parasite Immune system disorders, such as Graves disease or lupus Been taking certain medications that interfere with the absorption of B12
