Insufficient sequestration by ferritin or impaired iron export via FPN promotes mitochondrial iron overload, exacerbating lipid peroxidation and reinforcing ferroptosis progression
Chlorogenic acid stabilizes cell function by eliminating mitochondrial damage, increases PINK1-dependent mitosis, inhibits apoptosis of liver cells, and prevents APAP hepatotoxicity (Hu et al., 2022)
Homocysteine accumulates in the blood when there is inadequate folate and/or vitamin B 12 for effective functioning of the methionine synthase enzyme (see Function)
The functional role of two fully conserved tandem glycine repeats reported to form the oxyanion hole has also been explored (Table 3)
In some embodiments, the otic formulation or composition contains at least one viscosity modulating agent that provides the otic formulation or composition with a viscosity of about 2 cP, about 5 cP, about 10 cP, about 20 cP, about 30 cP, about 40 cP, about 50 cP, about 60 cP, about 70 cP, about 80 cP, about 90 cP, about 100 cP, about 200 cP, about 300 cP, about 400 cP, about 500 cP, about 600 cP, about 700 cP, about 800 cP, about 900 cP, about 1,000 cP, about 5,000 cP, about 10,000 cP, about 20,000 cP, about 50,000 cP, about 100,000 cP, or about 250,000 cP
