Other malabsorption causes include: Atrophic gastritis and reduced gastric acid production (common in older adults) Gastrointestinal surgery, particularly gastrectomy, ileal resection, or bariatric surgery (especially gastric bypass) Inflammatory bowel disease affecting the terminal ileum (Crohn's disease) Coeliac disease and other small bowel disorders Chronic pancreatitis affecting enzyme secretion Helicobacter pylori infection (may contribute to reduced absorption) Medication-related deficiency is increasingly recognised
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A major problem caused because of Vitamin b12 deficiency is anemia, which leads to a substantial decrease in red blood cells in the body
When deficiency is suspected based on clinical features (fatigue, paraesthesia, cognitive changes) or risk factors (vegan diet, gastric surgery, certain medications), serum B12 measurement guides appropriate intervention
Chronic myelogenous leukemia, promyelocytic leukemia, polycythemia vera and hypereosinophilic syndrome have all been associated with high B12 levels (25)