These peripheral and central deficits can include severe gastrointestinal lesions, intracranial (superior sagittal sinus) hypertension, brain swelling and lesions, portal and caval hypertension, aortic hypotension, peripheral and central thrombosis, inferior caval vein and superior mesenteric vein congestion, azygos vein failure, electrocardiogram (ECG) disturbances, and heart, lung, liver, and kidney lesions (Vukojevic et al., 2018
In some embodiments, a concentration of the otoprotectant is at least or about 0.001 mM, 0.005 mM, 0.01 mM, 0.05 mM, 0.10 mM, 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, 40 mM, 50 mM, 60 mM, 70 mM, 80 mM, 90 mM, 100 mM, 120 mM, 140 mM, 160 mM, 180 mM, 200 mM, or more than 200 mM
If expensive peptides are not producing measurable improvements, reassess rather than continuing to spend
Side Effect Comparison Both agents share gastrointestinal side effects as their primary tolerability issue
Reviews Immunol