Risk Factors: Vegetarian or vegan diet, older age, digestive disorders (e.g., pernicious anemia, celiac disease, Crohn's disease), weight-loss surgery, and long-term use of certain medications (e.g., proton pump inhibitors, metformin)
Your body stores B12 in the liver, which can provide a reserve that lasts for several years
The abdomen, thigh, and lateral hip all work
This injection is typically prescribed to potentially prevent or treat deficiencies of these B vitamins and to support patients with conditions like malabsorption, increased metabolic demand, or recovery from illness where oral vitamin intake is insufficient
When taken orally, it travels through the digestive tract before reaching circulation