According to Wang, based on significant differences in the pathophysiology and biochemistry of brain tissues, it is possible to divide HIE into three phases, all of which have apoptosis or necrosis of nerve cells as the final outcome of brain damage 135,136
Nootropic peptides do something fundamentally different: they drive structural changes in the brain, including neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neurotrophic factor elevation
Kirkman HN, Rolfo M, Ferraris AM, Gaetani GF: Mechanisms of protection of catalase by NADPH
Philosophi Naturalis Principia Mathematica [The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy]
This approach emerged pragmatically from research schedules but aligns well with receptor recovery kinetics and avoids the potential tolerance development that continuous daily dosing over many weeks might produce