melanotic macule buccal mucosa Pigmented on the mandibular gingiva (a, case 1), affecting the Melanin‐associated pigmented lesions of the

Elevated iron levels are also linked to oxidative stress and ferroptosis, a programmed cell death dependent on intracellular ferrous iron and impaired antioxidant defense systems (Ward et al., 2022)

Related Disorders of Hexose Monophosphate Shunt and Glutathione Metabolism In addition to G6PD, other enzymes of the HMP shunt pathway (6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase [6PGD]), the closely linked reactions of glutathione metabolism (GSSG-R, GSH-Px), and the glutathione synthetic pathway are important in protecting RBC against oxidant injury

35 The first pathway includes the formation of valproylcarnitine when VPA combines with Lcarnitine

M., Ferder, L., Manucha, W

Lpez-Garca, Y