What GHK-Cu adds to the formulation: Gene expression modulation across hundreds of genes including collagen genes (Type I, III), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, anti-inflammatory mediators Collagen synthesis stimulation, specifically Type I and Type III collagen the structural proteins of skin, connective tissue, and many other tissues Anti-inflammatory signaling through investigated effects on TNF-, IL-6, and NF-B pathways Copper-peptide chemistry effects including cofactor activity for skin-relevant enzymes Skin-research and hair-research applications (the GHK-Cu literature in these areas is substantial) For the GHK-Cu deep-dive, see Copper Peptides Explained
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Biogerontology 14(3):303323
Running 500 mcg MOTS-C daily alongside IGF-1 LR3 can help stabilize blood glucose and improve overall metabolic response
For two decades after the 2002 Womens Health Initiative, prescribers were cautious about HRTand many avoided prescribing it altogether