Because these drugs are made by spraying chemicals onto dried plant material, the smell can be inconsistent or artificial
Early signs include a sudden and dramatic increase in energy and talkativeness, significant appetite loss and rapid weight loss, staying awake for unusually long periods, dilated pupils, excessive sweating, jaw clenching, and hyperactivity followed by prolonged crash periods of deep sleep
While regional studies indicate high exposure rates, particularly among youth (7), there is a lack of in-depth research assessing public awareness, attitudes, and exposure patterns following the implementation of Vision 2030 health initiatives and stricter tobacco control laws (3335)
They are also unlikely to be referred for pulmonary rehabilitation, a treatment that can head off encroaching disability
Genetics: People of African ancestry have a genotype that may cause them to metabolize cotinine more slowly than people of other ancestries