Nevertheless, the most consistent findings are that e-cigarette aerosol exposure increases macrophage production of IL-6, TNF, KC, IL-8, IL-1, MCP-1 (CCL2), and CXCL8 (dependent on nicotine concentration and flavorants)(20, 21, 26, 27) and decrease IL-10 production(21)
In addition to risk factors, the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) identifies protective factors
Infographic by Alissa Scheller for the Huffington Post
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) media briefing held in March 2018, Mitch Zeller, director of the FDA's Center for Tobacco Products (CTP), called combustible cigarettes the "deadliest" but "most efficient way to deliver nicotine." Zeller has gone on to say that e-cigarettes have yet to reach the level of providing the satisfaction smokers want
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